Science in Action Series

India is home to over 1.4 billion people, with agriculture, industry, and daily life heavily dependent on water. Yet, the country faces growing water stress due to overexploitation, pollution, climate change, and poor soil and water management practices. Rivers, lakes, and groundwater sources are under pressure, while soil degradation and unsustainable agricultural practices further reduce water availability and quality.

Ensuring water security in India requires a holistic approach that considers not only human needs but the health of ecosystems, agriculture, and soil. Protecting and replenishing water sources, improving soil health, and building community awareness are critical steps, without which water conservation will remain incomplete. With interdisciplinary expertise and widespread public participation from villages to schools, India can move towards sustainable water management and long-term resilience.